References – Cholesterol, Fats, Lipids

 

A representative listing of journal articles and other published research reporting how diet formulas have been used in research.

 

Abdel-Fattah, G. et al. Regulation of guinea pig very low density lipoprotein secretion rates by dietary fat saturation. J. Lipid Res. 36: 1188-1198, 1995.

AhrŽn B, et al. Islet perturbations in rats fed a high-fat diet. Pancreas 1999;18:75-83.

AhrŽn B, et al. Plasma leptin and insulin in C57Bl/6J mice on a high-fat diet: relation to subsequent changes in body weight. Acta Physiol. Scand.. 1999;165:233-40.

AhrŽn B, et al. Regulation of plasma leptin in mice: influence of age, high-fat diet, and fasting. Am. J. Physiol.. 1997;273:R113-20.

AhrŽn B, Sauerberg P & Thomsen C. Increased insulin secretion and normalization of glucose tolerance by cholinergic agonism in high fat-fed mice. Am. J. Physiol. 1999; 277:E93-102; (Endocrinol. Metab. 40)

Ahrendt, S. A., Ahrendt, G. M., Lillemoe, K. D., Pitt, H. A. (1992) Effect of octreotide on sphincter of oddi and gallbladder motility in prairie dogs. American J of Physiology 262(5), Part 1: G909-914.

Alarrayed, F., Hartman, A. D., Porter, J. R. (1992) Is there a role for the adrenals in the development of hypercholesterolemia in Zucker fatty rats? American J of Physiology 263(2) Part 1: E287-295.

Anini, Y. and Brubaker, P. L. Role of Leptin in the Regulation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion. Diabetes 52:252Ð259, 2003.

Arai T, Wang N, Bezouevski M, Welch C, and Tall AR. Decreased atherosclerosis in heterozygous low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice expressing the scavenger receptor Bl transgene, J. Biol. Chem. 274:2366-2371, 1999.

Bagnasco, M., M. G. Dube, A. Katz, P. S. Kalra, and S. P. Kalra. Leptin Expression In Hypothalamic Pvn Reverses Dietary Obesity And Hyperinsulinemia But Stimulates Ghrelin. Obes Res. 11:1463Ð1470, 2003.

Bar-Tana, J., Rose-Kahn, G., Frenkel, B., Shafer, Z., Fainaru, M. (1988) Hypolipidemic effect of beta methyl-substituted hexadecanedioic acid medica 16 in normal and nephrotic rate. J Lipid Res 29(4): 431-441.

Bartness, T. J., Bittman, E. L., Wade, G. N. (1985) Paraventricular nucleus lesions exaggerate dietary obesity but block photoperiod-induced weight gains and suspension of estrous cyclicity in syrian hamsters. Brain Res Bull 14(5): 427-430.

Bessesen DH, Vensor SH & Jackman MR. Trafficking of dietary oleic, linolenic, and stearic acids in fasted or fed lean rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 278: E1124-1132; 2000

Bluher, S., Responsiveness to Peripherally Administered Melanocortins in Lean and Obese Mice. Diabetes 53:82Ð90, 2004.

Bowen H, Mitchell TD, & Harris RBS (Dept. of Foods and Nutr, U of Georgia). Method of Leptin Dosing, Strain, and Group Housing Influence Leptin Sensitivity in High-Fat-Fed Weanling Mice. AJP-Regul Integr Comp Physiol 284:R87-R100, 2003.

Breckenridge, W. C., Roberts, A., Kuksis, A. (1985) Lipoprotein levels in genetically selected mice with increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis 5(3): 256-264.

Brunengraber, D. Z., et al. Influence of diet on the modeling of adipose tissue triglycerides during growth. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 285: E917ÐE925, 2003.

Bunag, R. D., Krizsan, D., Itoh, H. (1990) Diminished cardiovascular responsiveness to vagalstimulation in obese rats. American J of Physiology 259(4): R842-848.

Bush EN, et al.(Metabolic Disease Research, Abbott Laboratories) Adiposity, Leptin Resistance, Hyperrphagia, Hyperglycemia, Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance in C57BL/6J Mice Fed High Fat Diets.Endocrine SocietyAnnual Meeting 2001, Poster Session.

Castonguay, T. W., Dallman, M. F., Stern, J. S. (1986) Some metabolic and behavioral effects of adrenalectomy on obese Zucker rats. American J of Physiology 251(4): R923-933.

Catapano AL. Ezetimibe: a selective inhibitor of cholesterol absorption. Eur Heart J Supplements. Vol. 3 (Suppl) 2001

Challis, B. G., et al. Mice lacking pro-opiomelanocortin are sensitive to high-fat feeding but respond normally to the acute anorectic effects of peptide-YY3Ð36. PNAS 101: 13: 4695Ð4700, 2004.

Chaudhry, A., Granneman, J. G. (1992) Adrenergic regulation of neonatal brown fat adenylyl cyclase and G activity. American J of Physiology 263(1), Part 2: R34-38.

Chirala, S. S., et al. Fatty acid synthesis is essential in embryonic development: Fatty acid synthase null mutants and most of the heterozygotes die in utero. PNAS 100:11:6358Ð6363, 2003.

Chouinard RA Jr, Luo Y, Osborne TF, Walsh A, and Tall AR. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 activates the cholesterol ester transfer protein gene in vivo but is not required for sterol up-regulation of gene expression. J. Biol. Chem. 273:22409-22414, 1998.

Clinton SK , Mulloy AL, Li SP, Manglan HJ, & Visek WJ. Dietary Fat and Protein Intake Differ in Modulation of Prostate Tumor Growth, Prlactin Secretion and Metabolism, and Prostate Gland Prolactin Binding Capacity in Rats. J. Nutr. 127:225-237, 1997.

Codependent Bile Acid Transporter Inhibitor Alters Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism and Lowers Plasma Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Concentrations in Guinea Pigs. JPET 303:293Ð299, 2002.

Commerford SR, Pagliossotti MJ, Melby CL, Wei Y, & Hill JO. Inherent capacity for lipogenesis or dietary fat retention is not increased in obesity-prone rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 280:R1680-R1687, 2001.

Commerford SR, Pagliossotti MJ, Melby CL, Wei Y, Gayles EC, & Hill JO. Fat oxidation, lipolysis, and free fatty acid cycling in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 279:E875-E885, 2000.

Conde, K. et al. Hypocholesterolemic Effects of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase Inhibitors in the Guinea Pig. Biochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 58, pp. 1209Ð1219, 1999.

Conde, K., et al. Hypocholesterolemic actions of atorvastatin are associated with alterations on hepatic cholesterol metabolism and lipoprotein composition in the guinea pig. J. Lipid Res. 37: 2372-2382, 1996.

Davis HR, Pula KK, Alton KB, Burrier RE & Watkins RW. The Synergistic Hypocholesterolemic Activity of the Potent Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor, Ezetimibe, in Combination With 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors in Dogs. Metabolism. 50:1234-1241. 2001

DiBattista, D. (1986) Voluntary ethanol consumption and obesity in golden hamsters mesocricetus-auratus. Physiol Behav 36(1): 41-46.

Dube MG, Beretta E, Dhillon H, Ueno N, Kalra PS & Kalra SP. Central Leptin Gene Therapy Blocks High-Fat Diet-Induced Weight Gain, Hyperleptinemeia, and Hyperinsulinemia. Diabetes 51:1729-1736, 2001.

Egwim, P. O. (1985) Plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol in weanling and post-weaning rats fed casein and soy protein diets. Nutr Res 5(11): 1237-1246.

El-Haschimi K, et al. Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity. J.Clin.Invest. 2000; 105:1827-1832.

El-Haschimi, K., S. D. Dufresne, M. F. Hirshman, J. S. Flier, L. J. Goodyear, and C. Bj¿rb¾k. Insulin Resistance and Lipodystrophy in Mice Lacking Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2. Diabetes 52:1340Ð1346, 2003.

Fernandez ML, Wilson TA, Conde K, Vergara-Jiminez M & Nicolosi RJ. Hamsters and Guinea Pigs Differ in Their Plasma Lipoprotein Cholesterol Distribution when Fed Diets Varying in Animal Protein, Soluble Fiber, or Cholesterol Content. American Society for Nutritional Sciences. 1999; 0022:1323-1331

Fernandez, M. L. et al. Gender differences in response to dietary soluble fiber in guinea pigs: effects of pectin, guar gum, and psyllium. J. Lipid Res. 36: 2191Ð2202, 1995.

Fernandez, M. L. et al. Hamsters and Guinea Pigs Differ in Their Plasma Lipoprotein Cholesterol Distribution when Fed Diets Varying in Animal Protein, Soluble Fiber, or Cholesterol Content. J. Nutr. 129: 1323Ð1332, 1999.

Fernandez, M. L. et al. Psyllium reduces plasma LDL in guinea pigs by altering hepatic cholesterol homeostasis. J. Lipid Res. 36: 1128-1138, 1995.

Fernandez, M. L. Guinea Pigs as Models for Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Metabolism. J. Nutr. 131: 10Ð20, 2001.

Fernandez, M. L., E. C. K. Lin, and D. J. McNamara. Differential effects of saturated fatty acids on low density lipoprotein metabolism in the guinea pig. J. Lipid Res. 33: 1833-1842, 1992.

Fernandez, M.L. Dietary fiber and mechanisms of plasma LDL lowering. J. Lipid Res. 36: 2394-2404. 1995.

Fernandez, M.L. et al. Regulation of guinea pig plasma low density lipoprotein kinetics by dietary fat saturation. J. Lipid Res. 33: 97-109, 1992.

Fisher H., Halladay A., Ramasubramaniam N., Petrucci J.C., Dagounis D., Sekowski A., Martin J.V., & Wagner G.C. Liver Fat and Plasma Ethanol Are Sharply Lower in Rats Fed Ethanol in Conjunction with High Carbohydrate Compared with High Fat Diets. J. Nutr. 132: 2732-2736. 2002

Friedman, M. I., Tordoff, M. G. (1986) Fatty acid oxidation and glucose utilization interact to control food intake in rats. American J of Physiology 251(4): R840-845.

Fujimoto, K., Cardelli, J. A., Tso, P. (1992) Increased apolipaprotein A-IV in rat mesenteric lymph after lipid meal acts as physiological signal for satiation. American J of Physiology 262(6), Part 1: G1002-1006.

Gavrilova, O., et al. Liver Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Contributes to Hepatic Steatosis, Triglyceride Clearance, and Regulation of Body Fat Mass. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278:36:34268Ð34276, 2003.

Ghibaudi L, Cook J, Farley C, Van Heek M, & Hwa J. Fat Intake Affects Adiposity, Comorbidity Factors, and Energy Metabolism of Sprague-Dawley Rats. Obes. Res. 10:956-963. 2002

Ghibaudi L, Cook J, Farley C, Van Heek M, & Hwa J.Fat Intake Affects Adiposity, Comorbidity Factors, and Energy Metabolism of Sprague-Dawley Rats. Obes. Res. 10:956-963. 2002

Goglia, F., Geloen, A., Lanni, A., Minaire, Y., Bukowiecki, L. J. (1992) Morphometric-stereologic analysis of brown adipocyte differentiation in adult mice. American J of Physiology 262(4), Part 1: C1018-1023.

Greenwood, C. E., Wincour, G. (1990) Learning and memory impairment in rats fed a high saturated fat diet. Behav Neural Biol 53(1): 74-87.

Hansen Petrik MB, McEntee MF, Johnson BT, Obukowicz MG, & Whelan J. Highly Unsaturated (n-3) Fatty Acids, but Not a-Linolenic, Conjugated Linoleic or ?-Linolenic Acids, Reduce Tumorigenesis in Apc Min/+ Mice. J Nutr. 130: 2434-2443; 2000.

Harris RBS, Mitchell TD, & Hebert S (Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA). Leptin-Induced Changes in Body Composition in High Fat-Fed Mice. AJP-Regul Integr Comp Physiol 284:R87-R100, 2003.

Hershock, D., Vogel, W. H. (1989) The effects of immobilization stress on serum triglycerides nonesterified fatty acids and total cholesterol in male rats after dietary modifications. Life Sci 45(2): 157-166.

Hileman, S. M., D.D. Pierroz, H. Masuzaki, C. Bj¿rb¾k, K. El-Haschimi, W. A. Banks, and J. S. Flier. Characterizaton of Short Isoforms of the Leptin Receptor in Rat Cerebral Microvessels and of Brain Uptake of Leptin in Mouse Models of Obesity. Endocrinology 143:775Ð783, 2002.

Hyogo H, Roy S, Paigen B, and Cohen DE. Leptin Promotes Biliary Cholesterol Elimination during Weight Loss in ob/ob Mice by Regulating the Enterohepatic Circulation of Bile Salts. J. Biol. Chem., Sep 2002; 277: 34117 - 34124 ; 10.1074/jbc.M203912200.

Jeng, K-C. G., Fernandes, G. (1991) Effect of fish oil diet on immune response and proteinuria in mice. Proc Natl Sci Counc Repub China Part B Life Sci 15(2): 105-110.

Joseph, J. W., V. Koshkin, C-Y Zhang, J. Wang, B. B. Lowell, C. B. Chan, and M.B. Wheeler. Uncoupling Protein 2 Knockout Mice Have Enhanced Insulin Secretory Capacity After a High-Fat Diet. Diabetes 51:3211Ð3219, 2002.

Karten B, Vance DE, Campenot RB, and Vance JE. Trafficking of Cholesterol from Cell Bodies to Distal Axons in Niemann Pick C1-deficient Neurons. J. Biol. Chem., Jan 2003; 278: 4168 - 4175 ; 10.1074/jbc.M205406200.

Katz, E. B., Boylan, E. S. (1989) Effects of reciprocal changes of diets differing in fat content on pulmonary metastasis from the 13762 rat mammary tumor. Cancer Res 49(9): 2477-2484.

Kim, S., et al. Effects of High-Fat, Angiotensinogen (agt) Gene Inactivation, and Targeted Expression to Adipose Tissue on Lipid Metabolism and Renal Gene Expression. Horm Metab Res 34:721-725, 2002.

Krause BR et al. ACAT inhibition decreases LDL cholesterol in rabbits fed a cholesterol-free diet. Marked changes in LDL cholesterol without changes in LDL receptor mRNA abundance. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994; 14:598-604.

Kudachodkar, B. J., Lee, M-J. C., Lee, S-M., Dimarco, N. M., Lacko, A. G. (1988) Effect of dietary protein on cholesterol homeostasis in diabetic rats. J Lipid Res 29(10): 1272-1287.

Kumar, M. V., T. Shimokawa, T. R. Nagy, and M. D. Lane. Differential effects of a centrally acting fatty acid synthase inhibitor in lean and obese mice. PNAS 99:4: 1921Ð1925, 2002.

Lambert, P. D., et al. Ciliary neurotrophic factor activates leptin-like pathways and reduces body fat, without cachexia or rebound weight gain, even in leptin-resistant obesity. PNAS 98:8: 4652Ð4657, 2001.

Lauterio TJ, Davies MJ, DeAngelo M, Peyser M, & Lee J. Neuropeptide Y Expression and Endogenous Leptin Concentration in a Dietary Model of Obesity. Obes. Res.. 1999; 7:498-505.

Le Laya, S., et al. Decreased Resistin Expression in Mice with Different Sensitivities to a High-Fat Diet. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 289:2:564-567, 2001.

Leitersdorf E. Cholesterol absorption inhibition: filling an unmet need in lipid-lowering management. Eur Heart J Supplements. Vol 3 (Suppl) 2001

Lenhard J, Croom D, Weiel J, Spaltenstein A, Reynolds D & Furfine E. Dietary Fat Alters HIV Protease Inhibitor-Induced Metabolic Changes in Mice. J Nutr. 2000: 130; 2361-2366

Li, J., K. Takaishi, W. Cook, S. K. McCorkle, and R. H. Unger. Insig-1 ÔÔbrakesÕÕ lipogenesis in adipocytes and inhibits differentiation of preadipocytes. PNAS 100:16:9476Ð9481, 2003.

Lin, E. C. K., M. L. Fernandez, M.A. Tosca, and D. J. McNamara. Regulation of hepatic LDL metabolism in the guinea pig by dietary fat and cholesterol. J. Lipid Res. 35: 446-457, 1994.

Little, M. E., Hahn, P. (1992) Ontogeny of acyl-CoA: Cholesterol acyltransferase in rat liver, intestine, and adipose tissue. American J of Physiology 262(4) Part 1: G599-602.

Morin CL, Eckel RH, Marcel T, & Pagliassotti MJ. High fat diets elevate adipose tissue-derived tumor necrosis factor- alpha activity. Endocrinology 138:4665-4671, 1997.

Morin CL, Gayles EC, Podolin DA, Wei Y, Xu M, & Pagliassotti MJ. Adipose tissue-derived tumor necrosis factor activity correlates with fat cell size but not insulin action in aging rats. Endocrinology 139:4998-5005, 1998.

Murray I, Havel PJ, Sniderman AD & Cianflone K. Reduced Body Weight, Adipose Tissue, and Leptin Levels Despite Increased Energy Intake in Female Mice Lacking Acylation-Stimulating Protein. Endocrinology. 141:1041-1049; 2000

Murray I, Sniderman AD, Havel PJ & Cianflone K. Acylation Stimulating Protein (ASP) Deficiency Alters Postprandial and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Male Mice. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1999

Murray, I., A. D. Sniderman, P. J. Havel, and K. Cianflonei. Acylation Stimulating Protein (ASP) Deficiency Alters Postprandial and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Male Mice. The Journal Of Biological Chemistry 274:51:36219Ð36225, 1999.

Nicolosi RJ, Wilson TA, Rogers EJ, & Kritchevky D. Effects of specific fatty acids (8:0, 14:0, cis-18:1, trans-18:1) on plasma lipoproteins, early atherogenic potential, and LDL oxidative properties in the hamster. J. Lipid Res. 39:1972-1980, 1998.

Noga AA, Zhao Y, and Vance DE. An Unexpected Requirement for Phosphatidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase in the Secretion of Very Low Density Lipoproteins. J. Biol. Chem., Oct 2002; 277: 42358 - 42365 ; 10.1074/jbc.M204542200.

Nonogaki K, et al. Leptin-independent hyperphagia and type 2 diabetes in mice with a mutated serotonin 5-HT2C receptor gene. Nature Medicine 1998; 4:1152-1156.

O'Brien, D. W. (1981) The effect of prolonged physical training and high fat diet on heart size and body weight in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 59(3): 268-272.

Oscai, L. B., Brown, M. M., Miller, W. C. (1984) Effect of dietary fat on food intake growth and body composition in rats. Growth 48(4): 415-424.

Oscai, L. B., Miller, W. C. (1986) Dietary-induced severe obesity exercise implications. Med Sci Sports Exercise 18(1): 6-9.

Oscai, L. B., Miller, W. C., Arnall, D. A. (1987) Effects of dietary sugar and of dietary fat on food intake and body fat content in rats. Growth 51(1): 64-73.

Otken, C. C. (1984) Liver lipid levels in gerbils fed diets containing varying porportions of methionie, cystine, and choline. Nutrition Reports International 29(1): 1-10.

Pagliassotti, M et al. Tissue oxidative capacity, fuel stores and skeletal muscle fatty acid composition in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats. Obes. Res. 3:459-64, 1995.

Park EI, Paisley EA, Mangian HJ, Swartz DA, Wu M, O'Morchoe PJ, Behr SR, Visek WJ & Kaput J. Lipid Level and Typr Alter Stearoyl CoA Desaturase mRNA Abundance Differently in Mice with Distinct Susceptibilities to Diet-Influenced Diseases. J Nutr. 127: 566-573; 1997

Parkinson, W. L., Weingarten, H. P. (1990) Dissociative analysis of ventromedial hypothalmic obesity syndrome. American J of Physiology 259(4): R829-835.

Podolin DA, Gayles EC, Wei Y, Thresher JS, & Pagliassoti MJ. Menhaden oil prevents but does not reverse sucrose-induced insulin resistance in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 43):R840-R848, 1998.

Podolin DA, Gayles EC, Wei Y, Thresher JS, & Pagliassoti MJ. Menhaden oil prevents but does not reverse sucrose-induced insulin resistance in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 43):R840-R848, 1998.

Podolin DA, Wei Y, & Pagliassotti MJ. Effects of a high-fat diet and voluntary wheel running on gluconeogenesis and lipolysis in rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 86(4):1374-1380, 1999.

Ramjiganesh, T. et al. 2002. Corn Fiber Oil Lowers Plasma Cholesterol by Altering Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism and Up-Regulating LDL Receptors in Guinea Pigs. J. Nutr. 132: 335Ð340, 2002.

Ramjiganesh, T. et al. Corn husk oil lowers plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations by decreasing cholesterol absorption and altering hepatic cholesterol metabolism in guinea pigs. J. Nutr. Biochem. 11:358 Ð366, 2000.

Razani B, Combs TP, Wang XB, Frank PG, Park DS, Russell RG, Li M, Tang B, Jelicks LA, Scherer PE, Lisanti MP. Caveolin-1 deficient mice are lean, resistant to diet-induced obesity, and show hyper-triglyceridemia with adipocyte abnormalities. J Biol. Chem., Mar 2002; 277: 8635 - 8647 ; 10.1074/jbc.M110970200

Reddy, B. S., Narisawa, T., Vukusich, D., Weisburger, J. H., Wynder, E. L (1976) Effect of quality and quantity of dietary fat and dimethylhydrazine in colon carcinogenesis in rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 151(2): 237-239.

Romero, A. L. et al. The Seeds from Plantago ovata Lower Plasma Lipids by Altering Hepatic and Bile Acid Metabolism in Guinea Pigs. J. Nutr. 132: 1194Ð1198, 2002.

Roy, S. et al. Gender and hormonal status affect the regulation of hepatic cholesterol 7-hydroxylase activity and mRNA abundance by dietary soluble fiber in the guinea pig. Atherosclerosis 163 (2002) 29Ð37.

Roy, S., S. Vega-Lopez and M. L. Fernandez. Gender and Hormonal Status Affect the Hypolipidemic Mechanisms of Dietary Soluble Fiber in Guinea Pigs. J. Nutr. 130: 600Ð607, 2000.

Schmid, R. M., Meisler, M. G. (1992) Dietary regulation of pancreatic amylase in transgenic mice mediated by a 126-base pair DNA fragment. American J of Physiology 262(6), Part 1: G971-976.

Scrocchi LA & Drucker DJ. Effects of Aging and a High Fat Diet on Body Weight and Glucose Tolerance in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor -/- Mice. Endocrinology 139:3127-3132, 1998.

Sellinger, M., Weinman, S. A., Henderson, R. M., Zweifach, A., Boyer, J. L., Graf, J. (1992) Anion channels in rat liver canalicular plasma membranes reconstituted into planar lipid bilayers. American J of Physiology 262(6), Part 1: G1027-1032.

Semafuko, W. E. B., Rutledge, C. O., Dixon, W. R. (1987) Effect of dietary lipids on myocardial norepinephrine content and field stimulation-mediated release of norepinephrine from perfused neonatal and adult rat hearts. J Cardiovasc pharmacol 10(1): 16-23.

Semafuko, W. E. B., Rutledge, C. O., Dixon, W. R. (1989) Modulation of adrenergic neurotransmission in the rat tail artery by dietary lipids. J Cardiovasc pharmacol 13(1): 138-145.

Servatius, R. J., Ottenweller, J. E., Gross, J. L., Natelson, B. H. (1993) Persistent plasma cholesterol elevations are produced by one or three stressor exposures in rats fed a normal laboratory diet. Physiol Behav 53(6): 1101-1104.

Shapiro ME, et al. (Metabolic Disease Research, Abbott Laboratories) Effects of Treatment of C57BL/6j Mice Fed High vs. Low Fat Diets with Metformin or Rosiglitazone on Adiposity, Food Intake, Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance .Endocrine Society Annual Meeting 2001, Poster Session.

Shepherd J. The role of the exogenous pathway in hypercholesterolemia. Eur Heart J Supplements. Vol.3 (Suppl) 2001

Shimamura, T., Wilson, A. C. (1991) Influence of dietary fish oil on the aortic myocardial and renal lesions of SHR. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 37(6): 581-590.

Smith BK, Andrews PK , York DA & West DB. Divergence in proportional fat intake in AKR/J and SWR/J mice endures across diet paradigms. Am J Physiol. 277:R776-R785.1999

Stein E. Results of phase I/II clinical trials with ezetimibe, a novel selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Eur Heart J Supplements. Vol 3 (Suppl) 2001

Sullivan, M. A., Duffy, A., Dimarco, N., Liepa, G. (1985) Effects of various dietary animal and vegetable proteins on serum and biliary lipids and on gallstone formation in the hamster. Lipids 20(1): 1-6.

Takahashi, N., et al. Divergent Effects of Leptin in Mice Susceptible or Resistant to Obesity. Horm Metab Res 34:691-697, 2002.

Thomson, A. B. (1986) Defined formula diets alter jejunal and colonic uptake of lipids in rabbits with intact intestinal tract and following ileal resection. Res Exp Med 186(6): 413-426.

Thomson, A. B. R., Keelan, M., Clandinin, M. T. (1987) Onset and persistenace of changes in intestinal transport following dietary fat manipulation. Lipids 22(1): 22-27.

Thomson, A. B. R., Keelan, M., Clandinin, M. T., Walker, K. (1986) Dietary fat selectivity alters transport properties of rat jejunum. J Clin Invest 77(1): 279-288.

Thomson, A. B. R., Keelan, M., Clandinin, M. T., Walker, K. (1986) Dietary fat selectivity alters transport properties of rat jejunum. J Clin Invest 77(1): 279-288.

Thomson, A. B. R., Keelan, M., Taverini, M. (1987) High-cholesterol diet enhances intestinal permeability lipids in rabbits. Pediatr Res 21(4): 347-351.

Thomson, A. B. R., Keelan, M., Tavernini, M. (1987) Early nutrition with a high-cholesterol diet alters normal age-related changes in intestinal active transport. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 6(5): 675-685.

Thupari, J. N., L. E. Landree, G. V. Ronnett, and F. P. Kuhajda. C75 increases peripheral energy utilization and fatty acid oxidation in diet-induced obesity. PNAS 99:14:9498Ð9502, 2002.

Triscari, J., Nauss-Karol, C., Levin, B. E., Sullivan, A. C. (1985) Changes in lipid metabolism in diet-induced obesity. Metab Clin Exp 34(6): 580-587.

Valet P, Grujic D, Wade J, Ito M, Zingaretti MC, Soloveva V, Ross SR, Graves RA, Cinti S, Lafontan M, and Lowell BB. Expression of human alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in adipose tissue of beta 3-adrenergic receptor-deficient mice promotes diet-induced obesity. J.Biol.Chem. 275: 34797-34802, 2000.

van Heek M, Austin TM, Farley C, Cook JA, Tetzloff GG & Davis HR. Ezetimibe, a Potent Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor, Normalizes Combined Dyslipidemia in Obese Hyperinsulinemic Hamsters. Diabetes. 50:1330-1335. 2001

van Heek M, Compton DS & Davis HR. The cholesterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe, decreases diet-unduced hypercholesterolemia in monkeys. European Journal of Pharmacology. 415: 79-84. 2001

Van Heek M, et al. Diet-induced Obese Mice Develop Peripheral, but not Central Resistance to Leptin. J. Clin. Invest. 1997; 99:385-390.

van Heek M, Farley C, Compton DS, Hoos L & Davis HR. Ezetimibe selectively inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption in rodents in the presence and absence of exocrine pancreatic function. BJP. 134:409-417. 2001

van Heek M, France CF, Compton DS, Mcleod RL, Yumibe NP, Alton KB, Sybertz EJ & Davis HR. In Vivo Metabolism-Based Discovery of a Potent Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor, SCH58235, in the Rat and Rhesus Monkey through the Identification of the Active Metabolites of SCH48461. JPET. 283: 157-163. 1997

Vergara-Jiminez M, Conde K, Erickson SK , Fernandez ML. Hypolipidemic mechanisms of pectin and psyllium in guinea pigs fed high fat-sucrose diets: alterations on hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Journal of Lipid Research. 1998; 39:1455-1465

Wang N, Arai T, Ji Y, Rinninger F, and Tall AR. Liver-specific over expression of scavenger receptor Bl decreases levels of very low density lipoprotein ApoB, low density lipoprotein ApoB, and high density lipoprotein in transgenic mice. J. Biol. Chem. 273:32920-32926, 1998.

Watson P, Commins S, Beiler R, Hatcher H & Gettys T. Differential regulation of leptin expression and function an A/J vs C57BL/6J mice during diet-induced obesity.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000: 279; E356-365.

Weber RV, Buckley MC, Fried SK & Kral JG. Subcutaneous lipectomy causes a metabolic syndrome in hamsters. Am J Physiol Regulatory Comp Physiol. 2000; 279: R936-943

Weisberg, S. P., et al. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J. Clin. Invest. 112:1796Ð1808, 2003.

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